The Scottish Government must also set out a comprehensive roadmap that gives local government detailed guidance on how it wants the sector to make its full contribution to net zero.

These are the overarching conclusions reached in a report published today following a year-long inquiry into the role local government should play in helping Scotland achieve its ambitious net zero goal by 2045.

The report calls for the Scottish Government to provide additional financial support to councils in future budget cycles to help them contribute to national net zero targets.

But it also makes clear that, with estimates of £33 billion needed to decarbonise heat in buildings alone, attracting private investment at scale is essential. It calls on the Scottish Government and its agencies to work with local government on an investment strategy that will increase investor appetite and lead to deals being agreed. It also calls for an expanded role for the Scottish National Investment Bank, to help bring together local government and investors in public-private co-financing.

The committee calls for an area-specific place-based approach to tackle climate change across Scotland; to ensure all players work together to co-ordinate and report on climate change measures. It calls for councils to be given the powers they will need to make this place-based approach work.

In the report, the committee said it recognises the leadership many local authorities are showing in responding to the climate crisis and says good practice should be more widely shared across councils. The sector should take a more consistent approach to net zero planning, budgeting and target-setting and embed net zero decision-taking at senior levels within councils. The report also calls for councils to set targets covering all emissions in their area, because even in areas where they do not have direct control, they can still have influence.

The report calls for Scottish Government assistance to address a skills deficit at local government level, with the drive to reach net zero making “unprecedented and often highly technical demands” on the sector.

Launching the report, convener of the committee, Edward Mountain MSP, said: “Over the course of almost a year of evidence-taking, it’s clear that unless key barriers facing local government are dealt with, we will not reach net zero by 2045.

“Local government is the layer of democracy closest to communities. They have local knowledge and capacity to lead by example and are also uniquely well-placed to form the partnerships we’re going to need at a local and regional level.

“We saw for ourselves on committee visits across Scotland the leadership and good practice many Ccouncils and their local partners are modelling. But against a backdrop of financial pressure, where councils feel they are being asked to do more for less, they are struggling to think and plan strategically to maximise their contribution to net zero.

“We hope that the Scottish Government, COSLA and the wider local government sector will pay close attention to the recommendations we have made to enable the scale of transformational and behavioural change required for Scotland to succeed.”

Some of the key recommendations made by the Ccommittee to the Scottish Government include that it should;

• create a local government-facing “climate intelligence unit” to provide specialist help to councils in areas where in-depth specialist knowledge is lacking;
• allocate larger, fewer and more flexible challenge fund streams for net zero related projects at a local level that better support a holistic and place-based response to climate change;
• address the churn, repetition and delay in the planning process that is holding up major renewables and other projects necessary to help meet net zero goals and has a
• chilling effect on investment. The long-term decline in numbers of council-employed planners must be reversed in order to meet the ambitions of the new National Planning Framework, and one measure it calls for is the introduction of planning apprenticeships;
• clarify the role councils will play in an area-based approach to heat decarbonisation and set out the additional support they will be offered in preparation and delivery of their Local Heat and Energy Efficiency Strategies. We want to see the new Public Energy Agency empowered and directed to work with local government on area-based delivery.

The report also says councils should set out how they will engage with local communities to ensure that the net zero transition is not something imposed on communities, but something that people and groups can help shape, lead and deliver.

COSLA’s environment and economy spokesperson believes the report is a “watershed moment” for tackling climate change.

Cllr Gail Macgregor said: “This report by the committee on the just transition to a net zero economy is potentially a watershed moment for Scotland in tackling climate change.

“The report is clear that Scotland will not meet its ambitious climate targets without a more empowered local government. To empower local government, councils need not just increased funding, but also larger, fewer and more flexible funding streams. This has long been COSLA’s central message, so it is hugely heartening to see it recognised so strongly in the report.

“Climate Change is a challenge we all must face. Local government is committed, locally and nationally, to leading the net zero transition, but COSLA has been open that local authorities can’t do that effectively without the increased support of the Scottish Government. The report by the committee lays out in the clearest way yet the support that is needed and why.

“The recommendations of the report are mainly directed at Scottish Government, but we need to consider them carefully too. Climate change requires a genuine team Scotland approach and I would hope that this report coupled with last year’s publication by the Climate Change Committee could be the defining moment we have needed to get delivery of the net zero transition on track for 2030 and beyond.

“I commend the committee for the fullness, diligence and clarity of their report.”